How does the temperature range (i. e., difference in temperature between hottest month and coldest month) generally change when moving from the Equator to the Arctic Circle and what is the primary cause of this change?

Explanation:

The closer to the equator the warmer it is this is because the sun is always closer to the middle  of the Earth instead of the edges, artic circle.

i think the answer is going to be arabian desert!

answer at the divergent plate boundary in the middle of the ocean;