The tundra and subarctic zones in Russia and the Near Abroad are permanently frozen to a depth of three meters. What is this permanently frozen layer called?

City 24-hr average yearly temperature in ºc total yearly precipitation in mm minsk, belarus (former ussr) (53° n, 27° e) shanghai, china (31° n, 121° e) baltimore city, usa (39° n, 76° w) helsinki, finland (60° n, 24° e) banff, canada (51° n, 115° w) kuala lumpur, malaysia (3° n 101° e) 26.5 2393.6 buenos aires, argentina (34° s, 58° w) jakarta, indonesia (6° s, 106° e) questions 1. what factor contributes most to the warm climate of kuala lumpur? 2. banff and minsk are located at similar latitudes. what could account for banff’s average yearly temperature being lower than minsk’s? 3. which city’s climate is most similar to jakarta, baltimore or kuala lumpur? explain your answer. 4. shanghai and buenos aires have located thousands of miles apart and in different hemispheres, yet their climates are similar. what reasoning could explain this?

Scientists think that convection currents flow in earth’s a. continents. b. mantle. c. lithosphere. d. inner core.

Which of the following events did not occur as a result of china’s open-door policy? a. trade between japan and china was encouraged. b. all countries were given equal access to chinese ports. c. foreign influence in china increased. d. the influence of the communist party weakened.