A researcher wants to measure attitudes towards gun control by asking people whether they would be worried about traveling to areas where there are known to be a lot of illegal guns. Critics argue that the conceptualization does not really look as though it is related to attitudes about gun control, in other words, that it lacks validity.

Construct validity

Explanation:

A researcher wants to measure attitudes towards gun control by asking people whether they would be worried about traveling to areas where there are known to be a lot of illegal guns. Critics argue that the conceptualization does not really look as though it is related to attitudes about gun control, in other words, that it lacks construct validity.  

Construct validity is the degree to which a research studies the data or measures it claims to be studying, that is, the degree the measures taken in a study is reflective of the goal or aim of the study. If a researcher takes measures that is not reflective of the aim of his study, that study could be said to lack construct validity.

answer(c) carved on a babylonian clay tablet that showed earth as a flat circular disk;