Mali is a former french colony in west africa. it has been independent since 1960 but remains heavily dependent upon france for financial assistance, and often has to yield to french political decisions to get aid from france. mali suffers from a textbook case of

Western europe's proximity to water has affected its climate since large bodies of water in the moderation of air temperature of the surrounding areas. the economy is also affected since it is great for the economic growth of the region. this allows easy access to trade for europe. culture is also affected by the proximity of water through the pattern of their day-to-day living.