2c. how much daylight would there be on dec 21 in the northern polar regions?

None, it would be 24 hours of darkness

Explanation:

This is because December 21st marks the astronomical start of winter for the northern hemisphere with the winter solstice. During this season the days are shorter than the nights, and as we get closer to the North Pole, we will have up to 24 hours of darkness.

That is why on December 21st, the sun is not visible for 24 hours and the next days (the closer it is to the north pole) it will stay that way. Therefore, the inhabitants of this area will have longer periods of darkness.

the only plants classified as non-seed producers are b) moss, fern, and liverwort!

hope this !

it is very hard for the climatologists to precisely predict how will the global temperatures be changing so there's lots of models, some of which differ significantly, this is due to multiple factors, and probably the most important is the human activity.

humans have been a key factor in climate change around the globe since the start of the industrial revolution, and in the past few decades the consequences are becoming more obvious. there's lots of emission of pollutants in the atmosphere as well as changing the environment on the surface itself, so it's really hard to predict how will that go in the future because there's some countries that are reducing the damage and are going towards green energy, while others are stubbornly continuing with pollution and damages to the environment.