The 7-letter names of these western- & easternmost mainland countries begin with the same letter

1.0 larger it be exact

Answer is b)eutrophication occurs when excess nutrients are present in aquatic ecosystems, resulting in the increased production of plant life and the subsequent decrease in the oxygen levels of the watereutrophication occurs when there are excess nutrients in a body of water. this results in plants having more food and reproducing  more, sometimes leading to more aquatic animal life as well. ultimately, this can reduce the oxygen level in the ecosystem. 

They contributed many things, but here are some examples:

1) democracy - democracy as a political system was first implemented in ancient athens
2) some advances in mathematics - such as the pythagoras' law
3) the script - the roman script was adopted from ancient greek.