Lenina doesn't understand. john calls the film horrible, but she thinks it was lovely. lenina expects john to come into her apartment, but john says goodnight and leaves. what is going on here? why are they so confusing to each other? who is right?

the answer is d my man/woman the first passage is real the second is a setting.

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).