Which of the following best describes logos

Logos simply means a rhetorical device that includes any content in an argument that is meant to appeal to logic.

Logos simply means a rhetorical or persuasive appeal to the audience's logic and rationality. Logos can be found in argumentative writing

Through the use of logos as an appeal means reasoning with your audience, providing them with facts and statistics, or making historical analogies.

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to eliminate ambiguous remote or broad reference it is necessary to focus on anaphoric reference. by definition "anaphoric reference means that a word in a text refers back to other ideas in the text for its meaning." the references should be clear and leave no room for ambiguity.

in the first case the pronoun it probably refers to the car but it has not been mentioned before so we should replace it for the car. in doing so the statement becomes clear.

in sentence number   two   the pronoun he refers to charles dickens the author. yet, the first half of the sentence is about the book a tale of two cities. to repair this it would be better to rephrase the first half : after i read   a tale of two cities by dickens, he so as to remove the remote reference.