Which definition best describes mood in poetry

How can you paraphrase this, this is about golden age fallacies.these are all rational people who know that older is not necessarily better, but many are taken in by this fallacy and seem no longer able to reason with any degree of reliability

This passage from chapter 4 of story of my life is an example of which story of plot

To meet the needs of commuters in the industrial age, city planners implemented the use of phonographs. provided more horses and carriages. borrowed technology from railroads. constructed new telephone lines.