To determine the meanings of challenging words, the reader should look at the , the words or sentences around the unknown word.

A) Context.

Explanation:

While reading a text, it is crucial to understand the meanings of challenging words given in the text in order to clarify the coherent meaning implied or suggested by the author. The author often provides 'context clues' that include a hint about the background or context in which that particular word or phrase is employed that assists the readers to understand the meaning.

As per the question, in order to determine the meaning of difficult words, the readers must divert their attention towards the 'context' along with the words that surround the word(unknown) as it would help them evaluate and determine the meaning(which could be literal or suggested) of that word as per the background of the sentence more conveniently and efficiently. Thus, option A is the correct answer.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)