Which verb tense emphasizes that an action began in the past?

What is montagu's view of swift in the passage, and how does she use convey that point of view? use specific details from the passage, and how does she use sarcasm, satire, or irony to convey that point of view? use specific details from the passage to support your ideas.

In this excerpt from phillip freneau's poem “american liberty,” the speaker describes being “slaves and minions to a parliament.” what is the intended meaning of this hyperbole? and should we now when spread thro' ev'ry shore, submit to that our fathers shunn'd before? should we, just heaven, our blood and labour spent, be slaves and minions to a parliament? perish the thought, nor may one wretch remain, who dares not fight and in our cause be slain; a. the speaker feels that the colonists should pay their share of taxes. b. the speaker believes that the british government is broken and should be fixed. c. the speaker thinks that the colonists are being unfairly treated by the british government. d. the speaker intends to lead a slave revolt against the british government.

What does the word subordinate mean in this sentence? the office manager spoke to her subordinate in a cordial tone.