How would you describe the tone of are dogs dumb

That's super derogatory because dogs aren't dumb, plus it's negative.

A better way to say that, if asked for it, would be, "Dogs are unintelligent." or something like that.

Hope this helps

in "letter from a birmingham jail," king argues that there are four basic steps in any nonviolent campaign: "[c]ollection of the facts to determine whether injustices exist; negotiation; self purification; and direct action." finally, direct action is taken and acts such as boycotts and sit-ins are staged.

the answer is both an appeal to ethos and logos (if that's what your question options were)