How are novels and short stories different?

Explanation:

Usually, a short story will deal with one incident at a specific time and focus more on creating a certain mood and atmosphere. On the other hand, the novel is more complex, dealing with a chain of closely connected events, involving more characters and more settings.

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The main difference is in length. Short stories generally range anywhere from 1,500 to 30,000 words whereas novels start from about 50,000 words.  

A short story has one main character and the story is told from that character's point of view, mainly first person. A novel has a cast of characters and the story can be told from any of those characters' viewpoints.

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