What counter argument is addressed
The problem is how to pay for it

either online or traditional classroom can work for students. which is better will depend on students and teacher. students may have trouble following a lesson in classroom while they can study at their own pace online. other students may have trouble staying focus on their own in online classes. teachers are more used to classroom teaching but they may also be more worry about their jobs teaching online classes and work harder.

from the political point of view it could be said that the candidate   is an effective speaker because she takes a strong position on the issue. it is an open discussion but probably she is making a presentation and can choose which subjects she wants to address. she is very likely to attain her aim which is to convince voters to accept her proposal.

i think that it is letter d.

an great real life example for the lottery principle is the real life lottery itself. it adheres to the lottery principle so much it's even called lottery. you apply for the lottery in the manner of getting a ticket and if you are lucky, the goods are distributed to you, in this case, the huge amounts of money. there are other real life example but this is the best one.