Read this paragraph. Max made his way down the aisle and chose a seat halfway back, just as the bus released its brakes with a loud sigh. Max wore headphones and studied his laces, and nobody tried to start up a conversation. For that, Max was grateful, as he was mentally reviewing his course schedule and room numbers. He tapped his toe erratically and checked his pocket for his locker combination. It will be fine, he thought, putting in a piece of gum to absorb some of his energy. He snapped a bubble, tapped his toe, and glanced out the window at the approaching school.

How does this passage use characterization?

The characterization reveals Max’s shyness toward others.
The characterization reveals Max’s nervousness.
The characterization reveals Max’s academic interests.
The characterization reveals Max’s love of music.