Chief Joseph of the Noz Perce Indians made this speech of surrender to the US Army after attempting to cross the border into Canada rather than move to a reservation After traveling for more than 1000 miles and fighting the army all along the way, the remaining
members of the tribe were trapped and defeated 40 miles from the Canadian border
Since that 1877 event, what Joseph said or didn't say after he handed his rifle to Colonel Milos has been disputed - possibly the longest
dispute over a text in western American literature. CES Wood, the 25-year old aide-de-camp of General Howard, publicly claimed all his
life that he wrote down verbatim a 155 word (+ -) speech given by Chief Joseph after he handed over his nfle. No one at Bear's Paw that
day including General Howard - ever published anything corroborating Wood's text. While he had varying degrees of editorial control
over the nineteen versions of the speech published between 1877 and 1939. Wood also revised the text, speaker, and contexts. After
Wood's death in 1944, historians doubting Wood's truthfulness became more explicit, even though the "Surrender Speech' had
become nationally accepted as authentic Native American oratory
October 5, 1877
I am tired of lighting Our chiefs are killed Looking Glass is dead
Toohuthulsoto is doad The old men are all dead It is the young men who say yes or no
He who led the young men is dead
It is cold and we have no blankets The little children are freezing to death My people, some of them have run away to the hills and have no blankets no food. No one knows where they are perhaps freezing to death. I want to have time to look for my children and see how many I can find. Maybe I shall find them among dead. Hear me my chiefs I am tired my heart is sick and sad from where the sun now stands I will fight no more
Questions:

Part A
Which of the following is an advantage of Passage 1 in presenting the topic of Chief Joseph's surrender over viewing Passage 2?
O Passage 1 emphasizes the dramatic standoff between Chief Joseph and the US Army
O Passage 1 highlights Chief Joseph's desperation to find his family who fled into the hills.
Passage 1 visualizes how emotionally difficult it was for Chief Joseph to accept surrender.
O Passage 1 provides the distressing circumstances of Chief Joseph's submission to the US army.
Part B.
Select two phrases from Passage 1 that support the evaluation selected in Part A
"rather than move to a reservation (paragraph 1)
O "trapped and defeated 40 miles from the Canadian border" (paragraph 1)
"publicly claimed all his life that he wrote down verbatim a 155-word speech" (paragraph 2)
"historians doubting Wood's truthfulness became more explicit" (paragraph 2)
"No one knows where they are" (paragraph 4)
Questions:

Complete the table by evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of viewing Passage 2 when considering the information presented in speech Passage 1
Advantage Disadvantage
Watching the interaction between the Chief and US army allows the viewer to fool the tension between the two parties.[A or D]
Watching the video allows the viewer to disregard the historical context for which the Chief gave his speech. [A or D]
Listening to the Chief's speech allows the viewer to feel the emotional impact of the speaker's resignation. [A or D]