When we analyze the placement of a word within a sentence, the ideas being presented around the words and utilizing our greek and latin roots, we are using our

metaphor

context clues

prior knowledge

critical thinking skills

This answer is obviously not "prior knowledge" because we are not robots. The question is asking what are the ideas being presented around the words called. I also had this question in my english lesson,and the correct answer is context clues. Also the word context clues is pretty self explanatory.  

btw I know this is a late answer

a. the man as a ruler

original oratory is a competitive event in the national speech and debate association, stoa usa, national catholic forensic league, and other high school forensic competitions in which competitors deliver an original speech on a subject of their choosing, though the speech must be factual.racial discrimination refers to discrimination against individuals on the basis of their race. policies of racial segregation may formalize it, but it is also often exerted without being legalized and also it means facing injustice.