Which of the following is the main disadvantage of extemporaneous speaking?
the speaker cannot change direction based on the audience's response.
the speaker will often not know enough about the topic.
the speech can often sound insincere and rehearsed.
the speaker may forget ideas or make grammatical mistakes.
all of the above

the answer should be:

the intervention of the supernatural gives gilgamesh hope that he will defeat humbaba.

in ray bradbury's short story "a sound of thunder", mr. eckels's fearfulness leads to drastic consequences for the rest of the world.

in the story, mr. eckels, who is a hunter, hires a time travel company to travel to the age of dinosaurs. although he is excited for the hunting expedition at the beginning, when they reach there and mr. eckels sees the tyrannosaurus, he feels frightened. as he is afraid of the tyrannosaurus, he steps off the path although he has been warned not to do it. by stepping off the path, the entire course of the future is affected: mr. eckart alters the future by stepping on a butterfly, which causes a new man to be elected president in the future. in that way, it is mr. eckart's fearfulness what triggers 'the butterfly effect' and what leads to drastic consequences for the rest of the world.