Read the paragraph.

recently, i have noticed that our student body has adopted a practice that should be avoided. students discard a large amount of uneaten food during lunch. everything thrown in the trash bins ends up in a landfill, which is a problem because the pollution and gases related to landfills can harm the environment.

the writer uses the first sentence to

point out several effects of the problem.
sum up the importance of the problem.
propose a solution.
express a viewpoint.

The correct answer is D. Express a viewpoint

Explanation:

In the text presented, the author writes about a problem that emerged as a result of the practice of students. For doing this, the author of this text first states "Recently, I have noticed that our student body has adopted a practice that should be avoided" to introduce a problem that has been not yet and especially his/her opinion about it as the writer thinks this practice should be avoided, then the author explains what the problem is about and the effects this problem hand. Therefore, the first sentence or "Recently, I have noticed that our student body has adopted a practice that should be avoided" is used by the author to express a viewpoint about the problem that is later described, which can be identified by the use of "I" that shows what the author of the text thinks and believes.

what are the main ideas?

answer: the correct answer is that he still ridicules people that look different.

explanation: in "the nose"   by nikolai gogol, the author sets up a satirical view of russian society. the book is divided into three parts and tells the story of collegiate assessor ('major') kovalyov, who gets up one morning without his nose. he later finds out that his nose has developed a life by itself, and has apparently surpassed him by attaining the rank of state councillor. the short story showcases the obsession with social rank that plagued russia after peter the great introduced the table of ranks. by allowing commoners to attain hereditary nobility through service to the state, a large population was given the chance to move up in social status. this opportunity, however, also gave way to large bureaucracies, in which many of gogol's characters worked.