What suspicion does tom have about gatsby?

a. he thinks gatsby is a bootlegger.
b. he thinks gatsby inherited his money.
c. he thinks gatsby owns hotels.
d. he thinks gatsby gambles.

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).

this is a good question! i'll do some research and come back when i have the answer!