True or false a participle, a gerund, or an infinitive may be used as a noun substitute?

What are all of the literally devices in the poem l’envoi by willa cather

Witch sentence contain an adverb clause

Read the hypothesis below and answer the question that follows. playing video games will improve individual spatial skills. what is the dependent variable in the experiment? a. playing video games b. type of subjects c. type of video game d. spatial skills