WHat to substitute ¨this article¨ with

Which of the following is the original meaning of the word college? a. an independent institution of higher learning offering a course of general studies leading to a bachelor’s degree b. a building used for an educational or religious purpose c. a group of persons considered by law to be a unit d. a body of clergy, living together and supported by a foundation

How did rick respond to this conflict

How do the party's mottos reveal the true nature of the party? how effective are these mottos in motivating/controlling their citizens? provide specific evidence to support your response.