In a manufacturing plant, there is a 2% chance that a stamp will be placed on a box upside down. the plant shipped 30 boxes today. what is the probability that at least 2 of the boxes have an upside-down stamp?

The solution to the problem is as follows:

equals the complement of the probability that no more than one box has an upside down stamp. 

P(X = 0 stamps upside down) = 30choose0 * 0.98^30 * 0.02^0 = 0.98^30 
P(X = 1 stamp upside down) = 30choose1 * 0.98^29 * 0.02^1 = 30 * 0.98^(29) * 0.02 

Answer = 1.000 - P(X = 0) - P(X = 1) 

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