Which sentence is punctuated correctly? 1.Hesitatingly, the newborn calf took its first steps away, from its mother’s side.

2.Hesitatingly the newborn calf took its first steps, away from its mother’s side.

3. Hesitatingly, the newborn calf took its first steps away from its mother’s side.

4. Hesitatingly the newborn calf, took its first steps, away from its mother’s side.

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).

1. active

2. passive

3. passive

4. active