The writer would like to incorporate new information about Gordon Gallup’s response to the cleaner wrasse study (reproduced below) into the passage. Gallup remained skeptical that the cleaner wrasse actually recognized itself in the mirror, arguing that it’s likely the fish fixated on the mark because it mistook it for a parasite on another fish.

Which of the following changes would the writer need to make in order for this new information to work in the context of the overall argument the writer is making?

D. Updating the line of reasoning in the final paragraph to acknowledge Gallup's contrasting perspective and respond to it.

Explanation:

The options include:

Removing the quotation by Redouan Bshary because his conclusions are at odds with Gallup's

B. Changing the thesis statement to argue that the study was faulty because it did not follow Gallup's methodology

C. Incorporating Gallup's response into the first paragraph after describing his original study on Chimpanzees

D. Updating the line of reasoning in the final paragraph to acknowledge Gallup's contrasting perspective and respond to it

E. Expanding on the description of the cleaner wrasse's penchant for eating parasites off other fish.

The change that the writer will need to make in order for this new information to work in the context of the overall argument the writer is making is to update the line of reasoning in the final paragraph to acknowledge Gallup's contrasting perspective and respond to it.

When this is done, it should be reliable to the readers which can be done by supporting the statement with facts.

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