They had to fight hard to gain independence a. the
b. an
c. those
d.(none of above)

D. None of Above

Explanation:

The answer to the question is D because:

The wouldn't make sense in this sentence. The would make a grammatical error. The answer can not be option A.

An would not make sense in the sentence. An would be used when you are talking about a singular item. Independence is plural. It can not be option B.

Those would not make sense in the sentence. Those is referring to many people, not something that is an idea. The answer is not option C.

That means the answer must be option D.

c. misogyny

is your answer.