1. which sentence contains a dependent clause?
a. president madison always praised dolley for her keen political advice.
b. dolley was famous for her hospitality, serving as a hostess for many white house parties.
c. since james madison served as president from 1809 to 1817, dolley madison was one of the earliest first ladies.
d. james madison was new to the presidency, but dolley had already fulfilled some of the first lady’s duties.

c. Since James Madison served as president from 1809 to 1817, Dolley Madison was one of the earliest First Ladies.

Explanation:

A clause is a group of related words consisting of at least a subject and a verb. When a clause expresses a complete thought and can stand on its own, it is independent; but when it needs another clause in order to make sense, in other words, when it does not express a complete idea on its own, it is dependent.

Sentence C, therefore, consists of one dependent clause which it's “Since James Madison served as president from 1809 to 1817” (It is a clause that can not stand on its own) and an independent one: “Dolley Madison was one of the earliest First Ladies.”

a simile is first defined as a type of speech that uses one thing or phrase with comparisons to things of an unrelated kind, often in order to make a more vivacious description. so of the phrases above, only the last one (i swear she cast a shadow white as stone) would be considered a simile, as a shadow white as stone takes two unrelated things and uses them in an interesting way.

explanation:

mark brainliest and have a great day!

the answer can be "credo" it means to believe = the word credo means "an official statement of beliefs"