Which statement represents the first steps in organizing a call-to-action essay? Provide reasons and credible evidence to support the claim.
Choose a side or position, make a claim, and research the topic.
Identify a counterclaim, strengthen the claim, and plan a rebuttal.
Summarize the argument and call on the audience to take action.

Provide reasons and credible evidence to support the claim.

Explanation:

A call to action can be defined as the invitation given to the author, or owner of the research paper to correct the mistake or to give a opinion on the counter claims done by someone who invites the author. The necessary desired action can be taken by the author or may refuse to change anything in the own findings. The writing for invitation is usually persuasive and potent claims are based on the evidences.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

in the quotation from passage, connie willis states that literature is a way for authors from the past to communicate with readers of today. we can read their stories, books, and other texts to learn lessons about life. willis refers to these lessons as messages “from beyond the grave.” willis has a favorable viewpoint about the timelessness of literature.