Which correctly describes how the author refines her ideas in this essay?

The conventions of a number of the states, having at the time of their adopting the constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: and as extending the ground of public confidence in the government, will best ensure the beneficent ends of its institution. what is meant by the phrase "further declaratory and restrictive clauses"?

And that's poem by ruskin bond what does the use of the word heartbeat suggest about the narrator's attitude towards life

What is one way to appeal to ethos?