Need help with 3 7 4 8 page correction thank you

Is the sentence “ironically, although approximately seventy-one percent of the earth is covered by water, thirty-three percent of its land area is desert.” a phrase or a clause?

Answer 3 and 5 for brainliest. i don’t have a link for #3 sadly.

Which organizational method does your reading material suggest is particularlyuseful when writing about a place? of importancecause → effect