For works with multiple authors, you may list the first author's name followed by which of the following that indicates there are multiple authors?
a. and al.
b. et all
c. et all.
d. et al.

the answer is definitely option c. "sonnet xxxi best illustrates the division. in the octave, the poet observes that the moon is in love. in the sestet, he gives his reaction to the fickleness of woman's love."

the answer is "began" because it is a action that can be done