in paragraphs 2 and 3, who does the word they refer to? what does the word it refer to? how do you know?

The word "they" may refer to a gender-specific pronoun, or it may refer to a person describing another. The word "it" may refer to a thing, animal, etc.

Explanation:

When describing a person, you do not use the word it. This is because a person, unlike a dog or a cat, can be easily identified by gender or name. Another animal may not show specific traits that define its gender, and they may not possess the ability to verbalize; in this circumstance, you would refer to the creature (or object) as "it".

compare & contrast informative essay/speech

when speaking or writing for the sole purpose of providing information in order to give audience members a good basis for making a decision, you would present an informative speech or essay.   because you wouldn’t want to be persuading the audience by arguing for one type of exercise over the other, you wouldn’t choose a persuasive/argumentative technique.   to fairly, and without bias, present information about the pros and cons of each type exercise, a compare/contrast, informative speech/essay would be the best bet.

i believe that dan is so anxious because he dose not know what awaits him when he gets there. but i dont know to be honest