What is restate the argument and so what?

Which revision of this sentence best uses direct characterization?

How do the authors develop their claim about the effectiveness of restorative justice through examples involving apartheid and the rwandan genocide? cite evidence from the text in your response.

1. saved aronnax from drowning "an incident" 2. speed of the nautilus man-of-war 3. next to captain nemo conseil 4. electricity vigo bay 5. "a coral tomb" 20,000 leagues 6. the nautilus runs aground nemo's "thunderbolt" 7. episodes are connected by aronnax's quarters 8. captain nemo's "bank" cause 9. distance aronnax traveled on the nautilus "a fine death for a sailor" 10. captain nemo sinks for revenge 50 miles per hour