Question 1
Original passage
Of all the aspects to consider when selecting a puppy, temperament, emotional stability, and effective behavior are among the most important. A playful yet calm and stable disposition is the ideal to look for in a puppy. A reserved puppy is different than a shy one. Some breeds hold themselves aloof from strangers and take a wait-and-see attitude before making direct contact. But that is not the same as shyness, which may be a behavior deficiency. The shy dog is abnormally frightened of anything unfamiliar and tries to avoid humans, animals, or change of any kind. Shyness is expressed by escape behavior, cringing, cowering, and, when all else fails, by defensive aggression. Puppies that are not curious, energetic, playful, or anxious to greet you may either be ill or have a behavior problem. Of course, puppies can also be tired when being viewed and may simply be in need of a nap.
From Mordecai Siegal, ed., University of California at Davis Book of Dogs (New York: HarperCollins, 1995), 12.
SUMMARY: As the University of California at Davis Book of Dogs points out, when choosing a puppy, look most carefully at the dog's personality and how it behaves. You want a dog that plays but that can also be peaceful and steady. Avoid puppies that are fearful, inactive, and not eager to welcome you (Siegal 12).
Question 1 options:

effective

ineffective