Please need help thank you!

Read this excerpt from "birdfoot's grampa.” but, leathery hands full of wet brown life, knee deep in the summer roadside grass, he just smiled and said they have places to go to too. what is the "wet brown life” in this excerpt? a the grass b the toads c the mud d the rain

What do the excerpts have in common? both point out the tragic nature of situations in which children make journeys without their parents. both describe what immigrant children must do to survive when traveling to the united states. both explain why most children want to leave central america without their parents. both indicate the tragic problems and their consequences that children in central america must face.

Which component is necessary to create an effective and debatable thesis statement