What genre is to kill a mockingbird

Why might the author have included the detail about father paul picking up the magazine? 1. it illustrates the constant conflict father paul faces in trying to communicate with leon.2. it establishes father paul as a well-read intellectual.3. it suggests that similar missionary work was causing conflict in other places as well.4. it shows that he was trying to remind himself that he did not agree with the people’s beliefs.(it's 3 )

All of the following quotes are examples of foreshadowing from the swimming contest except

It was extremely base of him to desert you in your time of need. ( change into exclamatory sentence)