1. Which statement best expresses the central
idea of the text?
A Vaccines can be a dangerous way to protect the body
from diseases, as you have to initially expose the
body to disease.
B Vaccines are not necessary to protect against
diseases, as the body will automatically remember
certain diseases and protect against them.
C The immune system struggles to remember viruses
that it has experienced and needs the help of
vaccines to make memories of them.
D A vaccine is developed by familiarizing your body
with a pathogen so that it can recognize it and keep it
from spreading within you and to others.

Answer/Explanation:

Your answer is

(D.) A vaccine is developed by familiarizing your body with a pathogen so that it can recognize it and keep it from spreading within you and to others.

Hope this helps! Have a great day!!

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).

i believe it may be the hope this sorry if i'm wrong.