Marine biologists patrol an undersea world that resembles a rocky landscape more than
it does an ocean floor. The scientists cruise through the water in a remote-controlled
submarine in complete darkness. If they shine a light, what they see is something totally
unexpected: tall rock formations jutting up from the ocean floor and surrounded by black
smoke, similar to underwater chimneys. Circling these rocky peaks are worm-like
organisms. They resemble red-and-white tubes-ke giant peppermint sticks. What is
even more amazing is that these odd creatures are not only alive, but living in this dark
underworld away from light and the sun's energy. So how is that possible? Underwater
vents somehow create an environment where these striped creatures can exist. Ever
since the discovery of the creatures in 1977, scientists have been both baffled and
intrigued by the very existence of these strange creatures that grow out of vents on the
ocean floor away from sunlight. What scientists have leamed is that there are large
cracks, or vents, in the ocean floor where these creatures exist. These deep-sea vents
can be compared to the kinds of geysers you see on land. But, instead of shooting up
from the ground, they shoot up from the bottom of the ocean floor. According to the
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the billowing black
smoke that exists on the ocean floor is probably the result of hot liquids bursting from
the vents and miding with the extremely cold ocean water. What is so shocking about
this information? Well, scientists always believed that life on Earth could not exist
without sunlight. Yet somehow energy is being released below the surface of the water,
and all without the benefit of the sun. It's as if these undersea vents have created a
unique ecosystem, deriving energy from Earth itself. Scientists even have named the
underwater creatures. They are called extremophiles-a fancy name for organisms that
live in an extreme environment in the ocean vents. Scientists continue to study
extremophiles to determine just how the creatures tum these vents into sources of
usable energy

Using the RACES strategy, identify the central idea of the passage. Use evidence from
the text to support your answer.

the hunger games, written by  suzanne collins, is fiction in the young adult genre, which is not my age group, but i found myself unable to put it down. its combination of nerve-racking tension, thrilling action, and engaging love story kept me up until the wee hours. i was surprised at how completely engrossing the plot was. like  brave new world, this story is set in a future where the government oppresses its people, but the book also borrows ideas from the greek myth of theseus and the minotaur.

divided into 12 districts, ruled by an oppressive government located at the  capitol. katniss everdeen, a 16-year-old girl from district 12, takes her younger sister’s place as one of 24 “tributes” selected every year to participate in the hunger games at the capitol.

while i found this book absolutely enthralling, i was surprised it was aimed at an audience of young adults. it seems extremely intense for anyone younger than 16 or 17. for example, there is a scene where one young tribute is slowly eaten alive by wolf-like creatures all night long, and katniss has to finally throw a weapon at him to end his misery. i found this a little too disturbing when i considered the age of the character.

the intensity of the action was something one would find in a more mature book, but the age of the characters and the simplicity of the prose were aimed at a much younger audience. in addition, this book was written in present tense, which i found annoying, but that’s more of a personal preference than a stylistic fault. it was also edited somewhat poorly, but that rarely distracted from the plot. for example, the author often spoke in sentence fragments to describe how katniss felt, which might have been an attempt to reflect on her thought process, but i found it disorienting to read a lot of really short sentences all together. it would have been better to vary the sentence length on occasion, but the story was still coherently.

overall,  the hunger games  was an excellent, enthralling read that i highly recommend. if it was more clearly marked for older teens, it would have been better, but it was a fantastic book with a wonderfully creative plot.

happy to .

pls mark as brainliest.

the correct answer is the first one.

the narrator is a first person, participant one, who describes in the simple past tense important and difficult events in his earlier life. he also provides temporal markers as the month (january) and the time (12: 30 pm). finally the account of his experience is very detailed, to the extent that a participant narrator would talk the same way about his experiences. a good example of such detail is the mention of the “bovril ration” which historically was a native american food adopted by european explorers in arctic and antarctic regions due to its high level of calories.