Read these paragraphs and answer the question that follows:

In 2008, more than one million American students gave nearly 20 million service hours to their communities. They made a difference in people’s lives and learned some important life lessons in the process. Organizations, including schools, are actively promoting service for all citizens as a way to be involved, help others, and improve themselves.

Service is helping other people and being active in your community. For example, one group of teens planted a community garden with their friends. They grow a variety of vegetables. The garden requires regular care. The teens donate the produce to a local soup kitchen. Workers there use the produce to help feed people in the community. By tending the garden and donating their produce, the teens are actively helping make life a bit better for others in their community.

Service is valuable in ways that cannot be measured in dollars. People volunteer or serve others without expecting money or gifts in return. Service is not about earning money. It is not just collecting money to give to a group. It is about action and contributing to the common good. The people who serve as well as those who receive help benefit in many ways that are more important than money or gifts. For example, a soup kitchen provides essential food to people who may otherwise go hungry. The soup kitchen is extremely valuable for those struggling to get enough to eat. Those serving learn about compassion and how helping others can improve life for all.

Millions of Americans are making society better for themselves and for others. They are participating citizens in their community, raising up those who are less fortunate. In return, they become better people who can understand the perspectives and needs of others, which are invaluable and important qualities of good citizens.

What is the main idea of this article excerpt?

Service means helping others in the community.

Service benefits the helpers and those helped.

Service is valuable because it is done for free.

Service requires help with food production.

uh, the answer is d i guess.

formal arguments

in written, formal arguments, the best way to build credibility with readers is to provide them with evidence. no matter what your argument might be and which side you agree with, citing strong evidence to back up your claim leaves the opposition with little to argue.

emotional appeal is often used in oral arguments. written arguments, however, rely on four main types of evidence. as you read further, you will see that some types are more credible than others and "hold more water" so to speak.

statistical evidence

the strongest type of evidence in formal writing is statistical evidence. this ranges from true, hard data presented as a percentage or number, to survey-type data. for example, statistical evidence could be:

4 out of 5 experts claim

85% of women in the united

7 members were present

statistical evidence can be proven as fact. you can actually go out and find hard information to prove your particular claim.

testimonial evidence

the use of celebrities as credibility evidence can be considered testimonial in nature. many people look up to celebrities as role models in their lives. good or bad, when a person chooses a life-path that takes them into public light, there will be many others out there who want to emulate the celebrity. these celebrity endorsements provide the second-strongest type of evidence found in formal arguments.

testimonial evidence can also be collected from experts and authorities in a given field. doctors, dentists, lawyers often provide expert testimonials. their authority is not often questions. they are expected to "know their stuff."

anecdotal evidence

when storytelling is involved as evidence, anecdotal evidence is being used. due to its less objective nature, anecdotal evidence is not extremely strong. when coupled with statistical or testimonial evidence, anecdotal evidence can be highly effective in determining credibility or proof.

storytelling, although based on fact, can include quite a bit of opinion, thus making it less objective. usually, eyewitnesses are used as providers of anecdotal evidence. they saw or experienced the phenomenon at hand are telling their version or side of the story.

analogical evidence

when information is scarce about something and little is known, analogical evidence is often used in a formal argument to increase credibility of the proof. if the phenomenon in question is new and little is known about it, analogical evidence that pulls in known factors about a similar phenomenon to show parallels can be an effective way to provide proof.

due to limited knowledge about the phenomenon, in this situation, analogical evidence can be regarded as the weakest type of evidence used in formal arguments. one can only imagine and hope that the comparison-phenomenon is close enough that the results can be applied to the new phenomenon.

in the

all that really matters in a formal argument is whether or not the writer has credible evidence to back up what they want to say or what they are thinking. so often, we hear people say, "prove it! " to one another.

one last little formal arguments not only provide credible evidence to support claims, don't forget that acknowledgment of the opposing point of view in an argument also strengthens the entire product.

1. negative, complain without fixing anything.

2. she disagrees with them.

i believe the dynamic character would be teddy because he learns an important lesson