Which statement correctly identifies the cause-and-effect relationship?

the cause is giuseppe d'amico having a hard time finding a job, and the effect is living in manhattan.
the cause is not getting a job in manhattan, and the effect is being an electrician by trade.
the cause is electricians being unionized, and the effect is giuseppe d'amico having a hard time finding a job.
the cause is being an electrician by trade, and the effect is electricians being unionized in manhattan

The correct answer is The cause is electricians being unionized, and the effect is Giuseppe D'Amico having a hard time finding a job.

Explanation:

Cause and effect. Through experience, it is known that no phenomenon arises without cause, "in itself", but is generated by the preceding development of said phenomenon or other phenomena. Nothing comes from nothing. Every phenomenon has its origin, which it begets it, it is precisely what is called “cause.” What creates, produces or gives life to another phenomenon and precedes it in time is called the cause.What arises under the action of the cause is called the effect.

for the comment!

answer; i believe the correct answer is ( indirect characterization);