Read the excerpt from "politics and the english language" by george orwell.
but if thought corrupts language, language can also corrupt thought. a bad usage can spread by tradition and imitation, even among people who should and do know better. the debased language that i have been discussing is in some ways very convenient. . by this morning’s post i have received a pamphlet dealing with conditions in germany. the author tells me that he "felt impelled" to write it. i open it at random, and here is almost the first sentence that i see: "[the allies] have an opportunity not only of achieving a radical transformation of germany’s social and political structure in such a way as to avoid a nationalistic reaction in germany itself, but at the same time of laying the foundations of a cooperative and unified europe." you see, he "feels impelled" to write—feels, presumably, that he has something new to say—and yet his words, like cavalry horses answering the bugle, group themselves automatically into the familiar dreary pattern.
how does orwell use evidence to support the underlined claim?

According to Orwell, The decay of our language has an antidote. Those who deny it would argue, in case they argue anything. That language simply reflects existing social conditions and that we cannot influence in its development directly, retouching words and constructions.

Orwell uses an example and a quotation for evidence in this excerpt.

Explanation:

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

either a donut or a sphere or a pancake or a flat sphere. it depends on where the vertical line is.

if the line goes through the center of the circle and is perpendicular to a diameter containing the center, then you get a flat circle.

if the line and the diameter of a the circle meet in the center of the diameter and at an angle, you get a pancake.

if the line is on the circumference of the circle and is at right angles   to the circle you get a ring.

if the line contains the diameter, you get a sphere.

the the line is parallel to the diameter and touches the circumference, you get a donut.