How could you know that an author has used an allusion within a text?
1. the author engages the reader by using an event or place that is familiar.
2. the author engages a reader by using the repetition or initial consonant sounds in a sentence
3. the author engages the reader by describing something as though it were something else.
4. the author engages the reader by pointing out similar qualities between two unlike things.

it is actually 3 because

Explanation:

An allusion can be used as a straightforward device to enhance a text by providing further meaning, but it can also be used in a more complex sense to make an ironic comment on one thing by comparing it to something that is dissimilar.

the answer is a)   a sentence of death costs the state "almost three times as much as a sentence of life in prison" (delon 147)

voracity is the noun corresponding to the adjective voracious, which means (1) eager to consume a great amount of food, or (2) marked by an insatiable appetite. veracity is far more common than the rare voracity, so the latter is sometimes used in place of the former.