12. which of the following sentences is correct?
a. a phrase has a subject and verb, but a clause does not.
b. a clause is a group of related words, but a phrase is not.
c. a phrase is a group of related words, but a clause is not.
d. a clause has a subject and verb, but a phrase does not.

D. A clause has a subject and verb, but a phrase does not.

Explanation:

A clause may be referred to as a group of meaningful words that include a verb and a subject.

A phrase is a term used to describe a group of words that does not include a subject and verb.

By comparison of the above definition of a clause and a phrase, the major difference between a clause and a phrase is the presence of a subject and a verb.

Hence, option D is correct while other options are not.