1archaeology is the study of the material culture, or remains,(31) of historic and prehistoric peoples and cultures. material culture consists(32) of artifacts and architecture. it provides archaeologists and historians with information about an area and the people who once lived there. when material culture is found buried in the earth, archaeologists use precise skill to uncover it. these artifacts are used to learn about people from past societies, of which(33) histories are incomplete or do not exist.(34) these discoveries people to learn more about the history of the world.
2 (35)excavation is the process of digging up or unearthing objects that have been buried(36) underground. once a dig site has been surveyed, examined, and gets mapped,(37) archaeologists start their excavation to uncover artifacts. if they use large tools during this process, they risk destroying artifacts. small tools are usually preferable because archaeologists can be more careful and exact, but the task often takes a long time.
3 consequently,(38) when an artifact is found, the surrounding area is surveyed as a potential dig site to learn as much as possible about the site's extent. many types of surveys can be done to learn different facts about the site. for example, surface survey involves searching an area for aboveground artifacts while aerial survey is conducted from the sky and can easily map a large site. geophysical survey, on the other hand,(39) is the most effective way to see what was(40) underground. archaeologists use a variety of tools to search for artifacts underground. these tools measure electrical currents and detect changes in earth's magnetic field.
4 after excavating the site, archaeologists collect artifacts they've found. this process can be exhaustive(41) and time-consuming. artifacts must first be cleaned of dirt or other particles and then to catalog(42) numerically to keep track of each object.(43)
5 as(44) archaeologists often begin their analysis when they return with the artifacts to a safe place, such as a laboratory. material culture provides archaeologists and historians with information about the site and the people who once lived there. when they're done analyzing artifacts, archaeologists usually publish their findings; allowing others to(45) learn from what they found.

refer to number 35 in the passage and choose the best response below.

for the sake of the logic and coherence of the essay, paragraph 2 should be placed:

a.) where it is now.
b.) after paragraph 3.
c.) after paragraph 4.
d.) after paragraph 5.