Read each example and then select the perception challenge that best describes what could be happening with that statement or conversation. 1. "are you going to go on a second date? ”- “absolutely not! all he did was talk about himself the whole night. he is so self-absorbed.” 2. “i know my best friend will stick up for me when we go to see my teacher. if i thought that assignment was unfair, so will she.” 3. sarah was nervous about writing her english paper, so she put it off and decided to wait until the last minute. she thought she was going to do a poor job, so why bother putting in much effort. she ended up getting a d on the paper and told her friend ben, “see, i’m just not good at writing.” 4. brandon always dresses so professionally and is very polite and . there is no way he was the one who made the mistake on that project. 5. “i am so nervous about this group project. i have to work with shawna and she is a cheerleader, they never pull their weight.” 6.. "we are coming up on our one- year anniversary. i’m so excited. yes, rob has been distant lately, but i think it is because he is trying to plan a special surprise for me without me finding out. maybe he will propose? ” 7. “mrs. snow is so disorganized. did you see how she dropped all of her papers in the hallway yesterday? how sloppy! i bet she’ll never catch me cheating on this paper ." 8. “brain shows up late to class almost every day. why can’t he get it together? he must be lazy or just not care about this class.” 9. sure, i was late to class three times last week, but did you see the construction on the way to campus. i did my best to get there on time, not my fault.” 10. "i don’t understand why kaitlyn dates jeff. he can doesn’t seem to care about school and makes all of those jokes constantly. i wonder what she sees in him." a. consistency theory b. stereotype c. self-serving bias d. self-full filing prophecy e. personality theory: halo effect f. recency g. fundamental attribution error h. primacy i. personality theory: horn effect j. perceptual accentuation

A. Consistency Theory. This theory suggests people will keep up with some habits and behaviour, because consistency is a human characteristic. In this option she concluded the second date will be like the first because people tend to be consistent.  1. "Are you going to go on a second date?”- “Absolutely not! All he did was talk about himself the whole night. He is so self-absorbed.”

B. Stereotype. Stereotype are formed by preconceptions, tend to be generalising and to rush ahead conclusions without taking into considerations the facts or real situations. In this option the person makes inferences about Shawna based in cheerleader stereotypes. 5. “I am so nervous about this group project. I have to work with Shawna and she is a cheerleader, they never pull their weight.”

C. Self-serving Bias. It is the habit of taking credit for the good things in your life and outsource or blaming others for the bad things. In this option the person blames the construction for being late.   9. Sure, I was late to class three times last week, but did you see the construction on the way to campus. I did my best to get there on time, not my fault.”

D. Self-full filing Prophecy. It is about one person trying to predict results in future about their action and it turning out to be the way they predict. In this option she thinks she will get a bad grade and doesn’t put enough effort, not surprising she gets a d grade.  3. Sarah was nervous about writing her English paper, so she put it off and decided to wait until the last minute. She thought she was going to do a poor job, so why bother putting in much effort. She ended up getting a D on the paper and told her friend Ben, “See, I’m just not good at writing.”

E. Personality Theory: Halo Effect. It when one impression we have of someone influences our beliefs and how we see the character of the person, the halo effect will make positive assumptions. This option clearly show how one dresses makes the person do assumptions about the person character. 4. Brandon always dresses so professionally and is very polite and helpful. There is no way he was the one who made the mistake on that project.

F. Recency. It is when you recall the lastly seem events or things in a list to explain or understand things.  7. “Mrs. Snow is so disorganized. Did you see how she dropped all of her papers in the hallway yesterday? How sloppy! I bet she’ll never catch me cheating on this paper ."

G. Fundamental Attribution Error. It is when one highlights its inner explanations for things and situations and ignores the other person situation. In this option the person doesn’t know his reasons for being late but suggest why based and her thoughts. 8. “Brain shows up late to class almost every day. Why can’t he get it together? He must be lazy or just not care about this class.”

H. Primacy. It is when you recall the first events or things in a list, in this option she is talking about the beginning of the relationship, she is putting attention at the start and makes inferences that he might propose based in the beginning rather than based on his last behaviour of being distant. 6.. "We are coming up on our one- year anniversary. I’m so excited. Yes, Rob has been distant lately, but I think it is because he is trying to plan a special surprise for me without me finding out. Maybe he will propose?”

I. Personality Theory: Horn Effect. It when one impression we have of someone influences our beliefs and how we see the character of the person, the horn effect will make negative assumptions about the person. In this option it is inferred Mrs. Swon won’t catch the person cheating because she is disorganized. 10. "I don’t understand why Kaitlyn dates Jeff. He can doesn’t seem to care about school and makes all of those jokes constantly. I wonder what she sees in him."  

J. Perceptual Accentuation. It is related to people tendency to find and highlight similarities and dissimilarities in things. In this option because they share the friendship she thinks the friend will think as her. 2. “I know my best friend will stick up for me when we go to see my teacher. If I thought that assignment was unfair, so will she.”

i think the answer is b