Read this excerpt from "the city without us": the notion that someday nature could swallow whole something so colossal and concrete as a modern city doesn't slide easily into our imaginations. the sheer titanic presence of a new york city resists efforts to picture it wasting away. the events of september 2001 showed only what human beings with explosive hardware can do, not crude processes like erosion or rot. . nevertheless, the time it would take nature to rid itself of what urbanity has wrought may be less than we might suspect. ( 1 ) which idea is repeated more than once in the excerpt? a. the september 11 attacks demonstrate humanity's destructiveness. b. the time nature would need to reclaim the city is very short. c. nature conquering a whole city is hard to imagine. d. explosive hardware and erosion and rot are similar processes.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

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