Which line in this excerpt from “patriotism: a menace to liberty” by emma goldman indicates the central idea of the passage? gustave herve, another great anti-patriot, justly calls patriotism a superstition—one far more injurious, brutal, and inhumane than religion. the superstition of religion originated in man's inability to explain natural phenomena. that is, when primitive man heard thunder or saw the lightning, he could not account for either, and therefore concluded that back of them must be a force greater than himself. similarly he saw a supernatural force in the rain, and in the various other changes in nature. patriotism, on the other hand, is a superstition artificially created and maintained through a network of lies and falsehoods; a superstition that robs man of his self-respect and dignity, and increases his arrogance and conceit. indeed, conceit, arrogance, and egotism are the essentials of patriotism. let me illustrate. patriotism assumes that our globe is divided into little spots, each one surrounded by an iron gate. those who have had the fortune of being born on some particular spot, consider themselves better, nobler, grander, more intelligent than the living beings inhabiting any other spot. it is, therefore, the duty of everyone living on that chosen spot to fight, kill, and die in the attempt to impose his superiority upon all the others. the inhabitants of the other spots reason in like manner, of course, with the result that, from early infancy, the mind of the child is poisoned with blood-curdling stories about the germans, the french, the italians, russians, etc. when the child has reached manhood, he is thoroughly saturated with the belief that he is chosen by the lord himself to defend his country against the attack or invasion of any foreigner. it is for that purpose that we are clamoring for a greater army and navy, more battleships and ammunition. it is for that purpose that america has within a short time spent four hundred million dollars. just think of it—four hundred million dollars taken from the produce of the people. for surely it is not the rich who contribute to patriotism. they are cosmopolitans, perfectly at home in every land. we in america know well the truth of this. are not our rich americans frenchmen in france, germans in germany, or englishmen in england? and do they not squander with cosmopolitan grace fortunes coined by american factory children and cotton slaves? yes, theirs is the patriotism that will make it possible to send messages of condolence to a despot like the russian tsar, when any mishap befalls him, as president roosevelt did in the name of his people, when sergius was punished by the russian revolutionists.