Me with this! is this indirect or direct?

What is one way that “the maori: genealogies and origins in new zealand” contrasts with “the raven and the first men: the beginnings of the haida”? a.the maori myth features courage, but the haida myth does not. b.the maori myth features community, but the haida myth does not. c.the maori myth features the gods, but the haida myth does not. d.the maori myth features deception, but the haida myth does not.

The greatest gift the sumerians gave the world was the invention of writing. the sumerians were wealthy people. they needed some way to keep track of what they owned. they began drawing pictures. they used a reed as a pen. they drew on soft pieces of clay. the soft clay was then dried in the sun. the tablet became a permanent record. later, the sumerian drawings changed into wedge-shaped symbols. this kind of writing is called cuneiform. by putting symbols together, the sumerians could write entire sentences.

The rich natural resources made the sacramento valley a "garden of eden." permanent villages were established about 8,000 years ago.which choice combines these two sentences from paragraph two to achieve a coherent flow of ideas? a) the rich natural resources made the sacramento valley a "garden of eden" and permanent villages were established about 8,000 years ago. b) permanent villages were established about 8,000 years ago and the rich natural resources made the sacramento valley a "garden of eden." c) the rich natural resources made the sacramento valley a "garden of eden; " and so the permanent villages were established about 8,000 years ago. d) because of the rich natural resources which made the sacramento valley a ‘garden of eden,’ native americans established permanent villages there 8,000 years ago.