40 points .

choose two authors and compare/contrast their writing. what themes do they use? what types of characters do they develop? how are the authors similar? how are they different? your essay should include at least three sources and should include quotes from the stories to back up your ideas. at least 5 paragraphs and and a work's cited page.

It all started when someone sent an unsolicited essay to the Journal of the American

Medical Association last year. It could have happened to any publication. Newspapers,

magazines and scientific and medical journals get manuscripts they haven't commissioned

all the time. The difference in this case was the subject matter of the essay. The essay—500

words or so—was a first-person account of how a groggy gynecology resident in an

unnamed hospital was awakened at 3 a.m. to ease the pain of a suffering, sleepless

20-year-old ovarian cancer patient. The resident ended her pain by giving her what he

believed to be a fatal injection of morphine. The essay ... was a description of a mercy

killing, and, in effect, a confession to a murder. And it had been submitted to JAMA for

publication on one condition-that the author's name be withheld. Editors have many

choices when they get a piece like this. Dr. George Lundberg, a physician and the editor of

JAMA for the past six years, chose a course that landed the AMA in court-and reaped angry

denunciations from physicians, ethicists and many journalists and the editors of other

medical journals.

Lundberg plunked the piece into the essay section of the January 8 edition of JAMA

without listing the author's name, without verifying that the event actually took place, and

without running a preface explaining why he was publishing the essay or that he was

uncertain about the essay's veracity.

Lundberg later explained that he wanted to stir up a debate over a controversial

subject. That he did. But he also stirred up a discussion about his own 'actions, raising

questions of medical and journalistic ethics for which there are no ready answers. And,

through his actions and statements, he illustrated that editors of medical and scientific

journals operate in a culture that is largely foreign to the world of journalists who gather

news for a general audience.

The 105-year-old Journal of the American Medical Association, published in Chicago,

claims to be the most widely circulated medical publication in the world, with 383,000

readers of the English language edition and 250,000 readers of its 10 foreign-language

editions. Published by the most powerful doctors' organization in the country, JAMA also is

one of two top medical publications in the United States. The popular press looks to JAMA

and the New England 10urnal of Medicine each week for the latest medical news.

JAMA's January 8 edition was no exception. Graced with a portrait of a woman by the

19th-century painter Ingres on its cover, JAMA included two items many newspapers picked

up: a study of a syndrome in which people's blood pressure shoots up at the sight of a

doctor's white coat, and an article and editorial saying tighter controls and better

counseling need to accompany Human Immunodeficiency Virus antibody testing,

commonly known as AIDS testing. The issue also included “It's Over, Debbie.”

“Debbie” appeared in a section called “A Piece of My Mind,” which Lundberg portrays

as “an informal courtyard of creativity,” a place where poems, anecdotes and unscientific

matters are published.

Lundberg refuses to reveal many specifics of the editorial process, and he forbids

interviews with his staff. But he does note that JAMA articles are put through a peer-review

process. Lundberg, however, won't disclose the number, names or occupations of the

reviewers who looked at the Debbie piece, or the contents of their reviews. Nor will he talk

about the number of JAMA staffers who opposed publishing the piece.

He also declines to say whether he asked lawyers for the AMA to review the piece.

However, Kirk Johnson, the AMA's general counsel, said Lundberg didn't discuss the essay

with him prior to publication.

Lundberg also refuses to say whether he consulted with medical ethicists in advance of

publication, though AMA attorney Johnson said the essay had been reviewed by an ethicist.

answer: #1 is (a) however

explanation:

- "is not only a luminous passive watcher in the night sky, but it is a powerful force.

it does symbolizes love,   lust   and dreaming and is seen as a power symbolic force that determines and affects human behaviors and reactions.

in the context of the question it does remain you that he events are only taking place at night and the reader of the passage of time."