I) A sag vertical curve is to be designed to join a 4% grade to a 2% grade. If the design speed is 50 mi/h, determine the minimum length of the curve. Assume a = 11 ft /sec2 and
perception-reaction time = 2.5 sec. Consider the following criteria:
a) Stopping sight distance
b) Comfort

Water flows at the rate of 200 i/s upwards through a tapered vertical pipe. the diameter at marks(3) clo5) the bottom is 240 mm and at the top 200 mm and the length is 5m. the pressure at the bottom is 8 bar, and the pressure at the topside is 7.3 bar. determine the head loss through the pipe. express it as a function of exit velocity head.